Academia:
[Berkeley] Visualization Lab
[Maryland] Human-Computer Interaction Lab
[Milano] Density Design lab
[Stanford] Visualization Group
Blogs / Websites:
Datavisualization.ch
FastCompany: infographics tag
Flowing Data
Gapminder
GOOD
Information Aesthetics
Junk Charts
Perceptual Edge
spime.org by Peter Horvath
Visualizing.org
World Bank: Data Visualizer
Orgs:
International Institute of Information Design
International Visual Literacy Association
NASA Goddard Scientific Visualization Studio
Society for News Design
Papers:
Aesthetics and Astronomy: Studying the public's perception and understanding of non-traditional imagery from space
Data Visualization: Past, Present and Future
Perceptual Guidelines for Creating Rectangular Treemaps
People:
Ben Fry
Chris Harrison
Michael Ogawa
Edward Tufte
Software:
Cytoscape
NodeBox
Processing
R
Wikipedia:
Category: Computational geometry
List of graphical methods with a mathematical basis
List of visualization software